Chrysanthemum is a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, it is divided into annual and perennial varieties with flowers of different sizes and colors. Compared to her, no other culture can boast such a variety of color palettes. The different flowering times of each variety make it possible to create a flower garden that can be admired from mid-summer to late autumn. All types of chrysanthemums have a certain type of transplant carried out at different times of the year.
When can you transplant
Many gardeners believe that it is best to replant chrysanthemums in early spring, as at this time the soil contains a sufficient amount of moisture, which contributes to the rapid rooting of the plant in a new place. Growing a plant involves the following types of transplants:
- planting seedlings in open ground;
- transplanting a plant from a pot to open ground;
- transplanting winter-hardy chrysanthemums from one place to another;
- transplant of non-frost-resistant chrysanthemum.
Chrysanthemum tolerates transplanting well, therefore, in some cases, you can do this in the summer.
The easiest way to reproduce chrysanthemums is by seeds, they are sown at the end of February in boxes with soil, which includes turf, peat and sand in a ratio of 1: 2: 1. The boxes are removed in a semi-dark place before the emergence of seedlings, and the soil moisture is controlled. After the seedlings form 2 true leaves, they are dived, the cups with seedlings are placed in a place where the sun is not more than 5 hours a day. Seedlings are planted in open ground at the end of May, when the threat of night frosts has passed.
The time for planting in open ground planting material purchased in a store in a pot depends on when it was purchased. If a chrysanthemum was bought in the fall, after September 15, there is a chance that it will not have time to take root before frost and will simply die. In this case, the stems of the plant are cut off, leaving no more than 10 centimeters in height, and stored until spring in the basement or heated garage.
Winter-hardy perennial chrysanthemum (Korean small-flowered chrysanthemum is considered the most popular) can be left to grow in one place for 3-4 years. Since the chrysanthemum grows rapidly, its root system within a short period of time forms many small shoots, forced to feed from the main root, which leads to a rapid depletion of the soil at the location of the bush.
The weakening of a plant from a lack of nutrients can be determined by the flowers: they begin to shrink and lose their shape. This means that the chrysanthemum needs to be transplanted to another place with a more fertile soil composition. It is better to replant perennial plants in autumn, 20 days before the onset of permanent frosts, so that the stems have time to take root. A chrysanthemum transplanted in autumn will bloom earlier next year than transplanted in spring.
A non-frost-resistant perennial plant is best transplanted in spring, this will help preserve a rare flower. Compared with the autumn transplant, the spring one delays the beginning of flowering of the plant, but this deficiency is easily compensated for by early flowering annuals.
You can transplant chrysanthemums at home into a larger pot at any time of the year.
Subject to certain rules, you can transplant a flowering plant.
Training
Preparing a chrysanthemum for transplanting involves the following steps:
- choice of location;
- preparation of planting material.
For transplanting chrysanthemums, choose an area protected from the wind (for example, near the wall of a house) and illuminated by the sun for up to 5 hours a day. Loose, fertile soil with neutral acidity is ideal for the plant. The heavy soil is fertilized with humus and dug up, with the passage of high groundwater, sand is poured into each hole. The transplant is carried out in cloudy, cool weather. Chrysanthemum is a moisture-loving plant, but it does not tolerate low areas with stagnant water.
Plants purchased in the summer from the store in a pot should be transplanted as soon as possible after purchase, since they are sold using temporary soil with a short duration. The seedling is carefully removed from the pot, the roots are washed, and they are examined for mold and rot. To prevent fungal diseases, the roots are kept in a fungicide solution for 30 minutes.
Home seedlings in cups a week before the transplant begin to be hardened, carried out to the balcony or plot for the day, and transferred back to the room at night. 3 days before the expected day of planting, the seedlings are left on the site overnight. The soil in the cups is kept moist.
For transplanting a perennial chrysanthemum to another place, a sunny area located on a hill and protected from the wind is selected.
Before digging, the plant is watered abundantly, so that when it is removed from the ground, less trauma to the roots, and left until the next day to better soften the soil.
Transplant procedure
Consider how exactly to transplant chrysanthemums at different times of the year.
Summer
The flowering shop chrysanthemum purchased in the summer must be transplanted into a pot 2-3 sizes larger. This should be done as quickly as possible, since for sale the plants are placed in small containers with temporary soil. The roots of purchased plants are freed from an earthen coma, washed and disinfected.
Further actions are performed in stages.
- Drainage is laid at the bottom of the prepared pot (at home, you can use pieces of foam), fill it with fertile, loose earth, which can be taken from the site.
- The pot is filled with soil, a plant is placed in it, the earth is lightly tamped, and watered well.
- It is kept in a shaded place until rooting, then put on a windowsill.
Unlike a store copy, homemade chrysanthemum is transplanted without disturbing the earthen coma, by the transshipment method.
For this, the plant is watered, taken out with a lump of earth and placed in another pot. The voids in the pot are filled with earth, watered again and removed for 10 days in a semi-dark place.
In the spring
Transplanting seedlings into open ground in spring is carried out at the end of May, when the threat of night frosts has passed. Seedlings are planted in the following sequence.
- Spill the plant in a glass with water, so as not to disturb the earthen lump during the extraction process.
- Water is poured into prepared wells (15-20 centimeters deep), waiting for its absorption. Seedlings, together with an earthen clod, are planted in holes at a distance of 30 centimeters from each other, chrysanthemums of large varieties - at a distance of 50 centimeters.
- Mulch the soil under the seedlings to retain moisture, maintain the soil in a loose, moist state until the plants are completely rooted.
Chrysanthemums in pots after wintering are planted in the same sequence as the seedlings.
In autumn
An autumn transplant of a winter-hardy chrysanthemum involves moving the plant from one place to another. The bush extracted from the ground is divided into stems, which are planted back into open ground. A properly conducted event is the key to success. The transplant should be carried out before mid-September so that the divided shoots have time to take root before the onset of permanent frosts.
Further step-by-step actions are as follows.
- Water the plant abundantly to soften the soil. This will help less trauma to the roots when removing the chrysanthemum from the ground.
- Dig in a bush with a sharp shovel (2 bayonets deep) in a circle, at a distance of 30 centimeters from the main stem.
- After removing the chrysanthemum from the soil, the stems are divided, selecting the strongest, with developed roots.
- The stems are planted in open ground in previously prepared and spilled holes, covered with earth, lightly tamped. For 2 weeks, the soil in the places of planting of seedlings is maintained in a moist, loose state. Autumn plant feeding is not required.
Follow-up care
At home, caring for a chrysanthemum growing in a pot will not take much time and effort, but only if certain rules are followed.
- The plant is placed in the western or eastern part of the room to limit the time it is in the sun.
- The flower is watered 1-2 times a week, avoiding both drying out and excess moisture.
- When the first signs of a fungal disease of the plant appear (yellowing of the leaves), fungicide treatment is used. "Glyocladin" is a fungicide in tablets that can be placed to disinfect the soil in a flower pot, deepened by 2-3 centimeters.
- Insecticides are used to control pests, following the instructions.
If we talk about plants in the open field, then the rules will be as follows.
- Plants are watered regularly, preventing the soil from drying out.
- In the spring, they are fed with nitrogen-containing fertilizers to build up green mass. In the middle of summer - phosphorus-potassium, which will help chrysanthemums to prepare for the cold and winter safely.
- Top dressing is performed at the root of the plant to avoid burning the leaves.
- After flowering is complete, the plant is cut off, leaving hemp no more than 10 centimeters in height, and sent for winter storage in a room with a temperature of no higher than 5 degrees.
Cold-resistant perennials do not require shelter for the winter, but non-frost-resistant perennial chrysanthemums are insulated using common methods:
- hilling a bush;
- shelter with improvised materials: spruce branches, sheet earth, sawdust.
To prevent the shelter from being swept away by the wind, you should press it down from above with boards. In winter, snow cover is used as an additional cover.
Helpful hints
Consider a few recommendations from experienced gardeners.
- To prevent the introduction of a fungal infection, purchased plants, along with the roots, must be treated with disinfecting drugs and transplanted into another pot.
- To avoid stagnation of water in the holes after the autumn transplant, the plants in the garden must be hilled for the winter.
- Non-frost-resistant perennial chrysanthemums of rare species are recommended to be replanted every year in order to eliminate the risk of losing the valuable variety.
- It is recommended to replant the plant on days of small, lingering rains.
- Summer transplantation of flowering chrysanthemums will be successful, subject to the optimal lighting regime and timely watering for the rooting period of the plant.
How to transplant chrysanthemums, see the video.
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