Pumping stations are designed to improve the water supply system and are used in private houses and dachas. These structures provide automatic water supply, which is very convenient. But sometimes there are malfunctions in the operation of equipment - the station simply does not turn off, and often the owners have no idea why this is happening.
Features of the pump
To clearly understand what breakdowns can affect the fact that the station does not turn off, you should once again consider the device of the hydraulic device.
The pumping structure has several important components on which the operation of the entire unit depends:
- it is a pump that lifts water from a depth and distills it into dedicated reservoirs for various purposes;
- a hydraulic accumulator, which is a plastic or steel tank, in which there is a reserve supply of liquid - during the operation of the pump, the tank is filled with water, when it is turned off, it returns the liquid to the pipes to maintain the pressure at the same level;
- the station also includes a control unit for automatic switching on and off of its main pumping equipment.
It turns out that the pump is not always involved in the work and periodically "rests", which allows to increase its service life. Therefore, if the pumping station has ceased to be shut down, it must be stopped, thus preventing its premature wear.
Correct setting
Two nuts in the relay with the help of springs are able to adjust the minimum and maximum pressure.
The large spring is responsible for the lower pressure threshold, and the small spring is responsible for the difference between it and the upper reading. Sometimes incorrect installation can lead to errors in the operation of the structure, and an illiterately adjusted pressure switch also becomes the cause of the malfunction.
To make the correct setting, do the following:
- stop the station by disconnecting it from the power source;
- further, the hydraulic tank is freed from water and air is released through a special valve;
- a similar device with a manometric device is connected to the pump nozzle;
- pump the accumulator capacity up to the working pressure according to the mark on the relay;
- a large spring with a nut is scrolled clockwise or, conversely, setting the minimum pressure level;
- set the difference between the pressures by turning the small spring regulator.
With the required parameters, the pump will work optimally - it will turn on and off automatically. An important condition for shutdown is an operating pressure of 95%, this is the maximum allowable parameter.
If the system pumps water with significant contamination, it should be borne in mind that the structure can work constantly and without interruptions due to blockage of the control unit - there is a hole in its body, and it is prone to contamination. Cleaning is best done before adjusting the pressure.
You should not discard the option when the damage touches the springs with which the pressure is regulated. Sometimes they do not work due to the accumulated rust. As a result, the part ceases to function, and the contacts close, which leads to a malfunction.
Clogged inlet filter
This is also one of the reasons that the pump works for a long time without shutting down. The water raised from a well or well is of different quality and often contains fine particles of clay, sand or silt, which is why the filter built into the inlet pipe gradually becomes overgrown with debris. This part of the station significantly increases the duration of the operation of the water supply system.
But when the supply pipe is damaged and the filter is clogged, the water can no longer flow in the right amount.
In this case, the problem is solved quite simply:
- it is necessary to clean the filter;
- add water through a special plug and start the equipment.
It is more reasonable to monitor the state of the filter constantly in order to prevent such failures.
Falling water level
If the water source is not too deep, lowering the water level can affect the operation of the pumping station. Lack of water or its complete absence leads to the fact that air is supplied to the installation. This mainly applies to shallow wells of 6-7 meters. Nobody is insured against this, and there is only one way to solve the problem - to drill a deeper well.
If the water threshold in the pump itself is lowered, you will need:
- add water by unscrewing the fixing bolt;
- make a start and wait for the liquid to fill up;
- turn off the equipment again and add more water.
Such actions are necessary if you need to speed up the launch of the water supply device.
Water leakage can also provoke non-stop operation of the unit, and it can occur anywhere in the water supply system.
It is clear that you have to inspect all parts of the system to identify it. It is necessary to reliably seal the leak with special adhesive tape in order to subsequently replace the damaged area.
When water flows out of a crack in the mounting flange, you have to remove it and weld the damage. When a thread leaks, a gasket or a ring is replaced, and a special sealant in the form of a thread is also used, which reliably fills the defects.
Other reasons for no shutdown
Automation may fail to trip for a number of other common reasons.
- Air leaks - this is due to the fact that the settings on the valve responsible for releasing the air accumulated in the system have been reset. For this reason, the working pressure can vary, and the result is that the pump pumps fluid non-stop and does not shut off. The only solution is to restore the correct settings.
- Voltage surges in the network , which occur not only due to accidents at substations, but also due to poor wiring, ignition of contacts, the inclusion of additional electrical equipment of high power. Such differences lead to failures and breakdowns in the station's operating cycle. To avoid this situation, voltage stabilizers (transformers or generators) can be used. If this is not done, with a constantly changing voltage, the pump will sooner or later be disabled.
- Oxidized contacts in the pressure sensor. Unfortunately, this option is also possible, and the station does not work normally for this very reason. Correcting will require de-energizing, disassembling the equipment and inspecting all contacts. As a rule, after stripping and reassembly, the operation of the unit is restored.
- Impeller wear , especially if it is made of plastic, directly affects the continuous operation of the pump. This part of the station, located in the power block, collapses over time due to the constant flow of fine abrasive particles in the water. It is possible that initially, when drilling the well, the size of the grid that captures the sand was chosen incorrectly, therefore, larger fractions than those allowed enter the station. The part will have to be changed, and for the future it is better to purchase a metal impeller.
- One of the serious malfunctions is the failure of the ejector if the station is equipped with such a part. This is due to the fact that this important part is located below the surface of the earth, and repairs are fraught with some difficulties. In some cases, the ejector just needs to be cleaned, but sometimes you have to replace it completely.
If there is an emergency drain valve in the pressure switch, a failure in its settings leads to bleeding of air at insignificant values. You can correct the situation by adjusting its operation; if the valve breaks down, it is replaced with a new one.
The conclusion suggests itself the following - there are many reasons, serious and not so, that can complicate the operation of a water supply installation. In order for the pumping station to work smoothly and not be subject to wear and tear due to shutdown problems, it is important to check all structural components at least once every 2-3 weeks and immediately eliminate even minor problems.
For the reasons why the pumping station does not turn off, see the next video.